What is PMS?
Premenstrual syndrome is a combination of symptoms that arrive before your period, that is characterized by physical and psychological changes occurring in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Symptoms may primarily be physical (bloating, fatigue, etc.), emotional (irritability, sadness, etc.), or a combination of both.
What causes PMS?
There is no exact pathophysiology of PMS. Based on studies, your microbiome will interact with your endocrine system, which is responsible for producing and regulating hormones. Scientific studies have revealed that certain gut bacteria can directly or indirectly impact the synthesis, metabolism, and signaling of hormones, such as insulin, estrogen, testosterone, cortisol, and thyroid hormones.
The gut microbiome and PMS
In a cross-sectional pilot study, 27 women reported PMS symptoms (PMS group), and 29 women with no serious PMS (control group). The severity of their PMS symptoms is evaluated by a premenstrual symptoms questionnaire as well as inflammatory markers were analyzed in blood samples including soluble CD14, C reactive C protein, and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein as well as alpha and beta diversity (alpha diversity is a measure of microbiome diversity applicable to a single sample, beta diversity is a measure of the similarity or dissimilarity of two communities) in the PMS group vs the control group. There was no significant difference in inflammatory markers in blood samples between the PMS group vs control group.
However, there was a difference in the beta diversity group but not alpha that was detected in the gut microbiome of those with PMS symptoms and those without. The abundance of certain levels of the gut microbiome was noticeably lower in the PMS group than in the control group.
Thus, the conclusion is that the properties of the gut microbiome are associated with PMS symptoms. There is now growing evidence that the gut microbiome is supported by the diverging impact of the gut microbiome on the body's endocrine system.
Probiotics and PMS
In another study, 24 women with PMS and 144 healthy women were compared, and concluded that the PMS group possesses a characteristic gut microbiome. Collinsella was specifically associated with the PMS group.
The genus Collinsella bacteria belongs to the family Coriobacteriaceae and the phylum Actinobacteria. They can affect metabolism by altering intestinal cholesterol absorption, decreasing glycogenesis in the liver, and increasing triglyceride synthesis.
Since Collinsella has been associated with diet, dietary supplements such as prebiotics which is the food to probiotic may be effective in preventing, improving, and alleviating PMS.
R’s KOSO is a simple and effective way to boost prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics to improve digestion for hormone health. KOSO is the result of fermenting over 100 different plant foods to create a nutrient-dense whole food product to increase good bacteria in the large intestine and health with breakdown and absorption of nutrients.
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